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Vincent Gaspersz, Lean Six Sigma Master Black Belt
American Society for Quality (www.asq.org) CMQ/OE, CQA, CSSBB, CQE, CQIA
American Production and Inventory Control Society (www.apics.org) CFPIM, CSCP
International Quality Federation (www.iqf.org) Six Sigma Master Black Belt
Registration Accreditation Board (www.exemplarglobal.org) Quality Management System Lead Specialist
Sebagai seorang PRAKTISI (PRAKtek TIdak Sulit) dalam bidang Manajemen Industri selama lebih dari 25 tahun (sejak lulus S3/Doktor Teknik Sistem dan Manajemen Industri ITB, 1991—IP = 4,0) saya mengamati bahwa lulusan program studi Teknik dan Manajemen Industri (S1 maupun S2) juga program studi Manajemen (S1 maupun S2) bukan saja yang baru lulus TETAPI yang telah memiliki pengalaman kerja SULIT memahami SISTEM Manajemen secara KOMPREHENSIF, sehingga apabila saya membutuhkan seorang asisten untuk membantu dalam implementasi Sistem Manajemen selalu mengalami kesulitan.
Banyak dari mereka TIDAK SIAP berpikir dalam kerangka Sistem Manajemen apalagi dalam mengelola Sistem Manajemen itu yang disebut Manajemen Sistem Manajemen atau disingkat Manajemen Sistem.
Setelah saya menelusuri dari kurikulum Pendidikan baik di S1 maupun S2, di samping karena mata kuliah yang diberikan tidak terintegrasi satu sama lain dalam kerangka SISTEM MANAJEMEN, juga karena isi kurikulum lebih banyak menekankan pada pembelajaran TOOLS (alat-alat) dalam manajemen saja. Alat-alat manajemen itu juga TIDAK dipelajari dalam kerangka SISTEM MANAJEMEN, sehingga seolah-olah HANYA belajar TOOLS secara terpisah saja. Pembelajaran semacam ini dalam Taxonomi BLOOM disebut sebagai Lower Order Thinking (Pemikiran Tingkat Rendah) Karena hanya akan memiliki ke-MAMPU-an sebagai TUKANG saja.
Ketika diamati, ternyata lulusan pendidikan tinggi manajemen yang TIDAK memiliki mindset untuk berpikir tentang SISTEM MANAJEMEN ini akan mengalami ke-SULIT-an untuk belajar lebih lanjut dalam dunia PRAKTEK dan akan SULIT juga menguji KOMPETENSI mereka secara internasional. Hal itu dapat dipahami, sehingga banyak lulusan pendidikan tinggi manajemen di Indonesia yang ketika berusaha menguji KOMPETENSI mereka melalui mengikuti ujian-ujian bersertifikasi dari lembaga-lembaga profesi internasional seperti APICS (www.apics.org) atau ASQ (www.asq.org) akan mengalami ke-SULIT-an untuk LULUS!
Saya mencoba membuat diagram berikut untuk memetakan dan membedakan secara hirarki mulai dari SISTEM MANAJEMEN pada level tertinggi, yang terdiri dari berbagai PROGRAM terintegrasi. Setiap PROGRAM terdiri lagi dari PROJECTS yang saling berintegrasi satu dengan yang lain. Sehingga kita dapat mengartikan bahwa PROGRAM sebagai kumpulan dari PROJECTS yang saling berintegrasi satu dengan yang lain untuk mencapai MANFAAT (GOAL) melalui pengelolaan (manajemen) yang terkoordinasi secara baik.
Jika kita HANYA belajar pada level peralatan (TOOLS), maka paling mungkin kita HANYA mampu mencapai PROJECT individual, karena ketika kita akan merangkai PROJECTS (lebih dari satu PROJECT) ke dalam INTEGRATED PROGRAMS sehingga membentuk SISTEM MANAJEMEN kita TELAH harus membutuhkan HIGHER ORDER THINKING (Pemikiran Tingkat Tinggi) versi Taxonomi BLOOM agar bisa menjadi seorang Management System Designer. Bukan sekedar menjadi tukang saja. Pekerjaan seorang manajer baik pada level supervisor, middle managers, senior managers, directors HARUS menjadi seorang “Desainer” BUKAN sekedar menjadi “Tukang Jahit” saja.
Dari bagan terlampir, maka kita dapat mempelajari manajemen secara KONSEPTUAL menggunakan PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) approach secara universal sehingga PDCA itu dapat diterapkan untuk mengelola SISTEM MANAJEMEN, mengelola PROGRAM, dan/atau mengelola PROJECTS terintegrasi.
Berdasarkan bagan terlampir dapat didesain ulang kurikulum manajemen secara terintegrasi sehingga setiap mata kuliah yang diajarkan di perguruan tinggi manajemen dapat terintegrasi satu dengan lain dalam kerangka SISTEM MANAJEMEN, bukan semata-mata pembelajaran MANAGEMENT TOOLS saja.
Salam SUCCESS
Why Are Management Graduates from Higher Education in Indonesia DIFFICULT to Compete in Indonesian and Global Labor Markets?
Vincent Gaspersz, Lean Six Sigma Master Black Belt
American Society for Quality (www.asq.org) CMQ/OE, CQA, CSSBB, CQE, CQIA
American Production and Inventory Control Society (www.apics.org) CFPIM, CSCP
International Quality Federation (www.iqf.org) Six Sigma Master Black Belt
Registration Accreditation Board (www.exemplarglobal.org) Quality Management System Lead Specialist
As a PRAKTISI (PRAKtek TIdak Sulit) // PRACTITIONER (PRACTICE is NOT Difficult) in the field of Industrial Management for more than 25 years (since I had graduated from Post-Graduate / Doctor of Engineering Systems and Industrial Management at ITB, 1991-GPA = 4.0), I observe that graduates of the Engineering and Industrial Management program (Undergraduate as well as Graduate) as well as the Management study program (Undergraduate and Graduate), not only those who are fresh graduates, but those who already have had working experience, are DIFFICULT to COMPREHENSIVELY understand SYSTEM Management; so that if I needed an assistant to help me in the implementation of the Management System, I would always experience difficulty as well.
Many of them are NOT READY to think within the framework of the Management System, much less in managing that Management System which is called Management System Management or abbreviated as Systems Management.
After I have searched from the curriculum of Education both in Undergraduate and Graduate, besides due to the given courses are not integrated with each other within the MANAGEMENT SYSTEM framework, the contents of the curriculum also emphasizes more on only learning the TOOLS in management. Those management tools are NOT LEARNED within the MANAGEMENT SYSTEM framework, so it is as if ONLY separately learning the TOOLS. This kind of learning in BLOOM Taxonomy is referred to as Lower Order Thinking because it will only have the ABILITY as a TUKANG // WORKMAN only.
When observed, it turns out that management graduates from higher education who do NOT have the mindset to think about this MANAGEMENT SYSTEM will experience DIFFICULTY to learn more in PRACTICE and it will be DIFFICULT to test their COMPETENCE internationally. That is understandable, so that so many graduates from higher education in Indonesia who are trying to test their COMPETENCY through certified exams from international professional bodies such as APICS (www.apics.org) or ASQ (www.asq.org) will Experience DIFFICULTY to PASS!
I try to make the attached diagram above to map and differentiate hierarchically beginning from the MANAGEMENT SYSTEM at the highest level, consisting of various integrated PROGRAMS. Moreover, each PROGRAM consists of PROJECTS that integrate with each other. So we can define that the PROGRAM as a collection of PROJECTS that integrate with each other to achieve BENEFIT (GOAL) through a well-coordinated management.
If we were ONLY learning at TOOLS level, then most likely we would ONLY be possibly able to achieve individual PROJECT, because when we would assemble PROJECTS (more than one PROJECT) into INTEGRATED PROGRAMS in order to form the MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, we would HAVE needed HIGHER ORDER THINKING of Taxonomy BLOOM in order to become a Management System Designer. Not just become mere workmen. The job of a manager, whether at the level of supervisor, middle management, senior management, or directorial, HAS to become a “Designer”; NOT just become a “Tailor” only.
From the accompanying chart above, we can then CONCEPTUALLY study management, universally using PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) approach in order for that PDCA to be able to be applied to manage MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, manage PROGRAMS, and/or manage integrated PROJECTS.
Based on the attached chart above, it can be redesigned: an integrated management curriculum so that each subject taught in the higher education management can be integrated with each other within the framework of MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, not just merely learning about MANAGEMENT TOOLS.
Best Regards for SUCCESS
